Ga jerin gwanon kurakurai goma da masu koyon kwamfuta suke yi da kuma yadda za a guje wa afkawa irin waɗannan kurakurai.
1. RASHIN ADANA AYYUKA MASU MUHIMMANCI
Babban kuskuren da ake samu shi ne rashin adana ayyuka masu muhimmanci. A yanzu, akwai hanyoyin daban-daban da za a iya adana muhimman ayyuka da babu wani dalili da zai hana ka adana ayyukanka kafin ka rasa su.
2. DANNA CI-GABA (Next) KO EH (ok) BA TAREDA KARANTA ƘA’IDOJINTA BA
Saboda amfani da yanar gizo ke sa mutane rashin haƙuri wajen karanta ƙa’idoji kafin danna ci gaba (next) ko eh (ok) amma mafiyawancin masu koyo suna danna ci gaba (next) ko eh (ok) ba tare da karanta ƙa’idojin yarda da kuma tabbatar da sun cike akwatin (check box) ba. Ka tabbatar ka karanta ƙa’idojin kafin ka yarda don gudun shigar da abubuwa marasa amfani.
3. RASHIN AJIYE AIKI:
A lokacin da ka ke aikin ka a yanar gizo ko kai tsaye, ka tabbatar kana ajiye aikin (saving) a duk bayan minti biyu zuwa biyar saboda za a iya rasa aikin sanadiyyar samun ɗaukewar wuta ko yankewar intanet ko maƙalewar manhaja, duk abin da ka yi ya zama babu.
4. KASHE KWAMFUTA TA HANYAR DA BAI DACE BA
Ba kowa ba ne ya iya kashe kwamfuta ta hanyar da ta dace ba, saboda sabo da amfani da smart phones da tablets kafin fara amfani da kwamfuta, ita kwamfuta Idan za ka kashe ta, kana buƙatar ka ajiye ayyukanka (save), ka rufe manhajojin da suke a buɗe sa’annan ka kashe ta yadda ya dace.
5. Buɗe saƙonin Imel
Hattara da saƙon imel ɗin da kake kokwanto domin mafi yawancin mugayen mutane suna amfani da wannan hanyar ne don cutar da kwamfutocinmu ta hanyar saƙonnin da kake karɓa daga ‘yan’uwa ko abokanai da kuma sauran mutane.
6. KIYAYE FAƊAWA CIKIN WAƊANNAN MATSALOLIN: PHISHING, SPAM DA KUMA CHAIN MAIL PHISHING
Ka kassance masani a kan yadda masu kai wa kwamfutarka hari ta hanyar dabarar binciko bayanai a intanet, don kada ka kasance daga cikin waɗanda za su faɗa cikin waɗannan haɗura.
SPAM
Mafi yawancin spam na samu wa ne daga mugayen mutane ko kwamfutoci masu illa, idan kaga irin waɗannan saƙon goge su shi ne mafita, saboda idan a ka maida musu saƙon shi ke sa miyagu ko ‘yan dandatsa (hackers) su san lalai akwai mai wannan adireshin kuma su cigaba da turo na wasu saƙonnin ko su raba addreshin ga sauran mugaye ‘yan uwansu.
CHAIN MAIL
Domin kiyaye kanka da kuma ‘yan uwanka daga samun wata matsala a cikin saƙonsu, sai ka kiyaye haɗa kan ka da wasu chain mail. Idan kuma ka samu wata chian mail kuma kana tsoro, to ka tabbatar da shi kafin ka tura wa ɗan uwanka.
7. SAUKARWA DA SHIGAR DA GURƁATATTUN MANHAJOJI A KWAMFUTA
A yanzu, mafi yawancin abun da ke ɓata kwamfutocinmu shi ne saukar ma ta da manhaja mara inganci. Muna saukar da manhaja ba tare da mun tabattar da ingancin ta ba ko kuma manhaja ta kyauta da ake bayarwa. Mu kula da wannan domin wasu suna zuwa da abin da zai iya lalata maka kwamfutarka (computer virus) don haka mu kula wajen saukarwa da shigar da manhaja a kan kwamfutanmu.
Domin saukar da manhaja kana buƙatar waɗannan ƙa’idojin :
WAJEN SAUKARWA
Mu kiyaye wajen saukar da manhaja domin mugayen mutane suna saukar da manhaja ingantattu su mayar da su gurɓatattun manhaja su ajiye shi da sunan shi domin su gurɓata maka kwamfuta.
MANHAJAR SAUKAR DA MANHAJOJI (DOWNLOAD MANAGER)
A kiyaye wurin saukar da manhaja ta hanyar amfani da wata manhajar saukarwa da mafi yawancin kamfanoni ke bayarwa, domin mafi yawa suna zuwa tare da matsaloli da zai iya cutar da kwamfuta.
GUJE WA SAUKAR DA TALLACE-TALLACE A SHAFUKA
A kula da yawanci tallace-tallacen da ake sanyawa a shafukan da ake iya saukar da manhajoji. Wasu ana sawa ne don jawo hankalin mutane domin su samu sauƙin samun manhaja. Su kuma suna amfanin da hanyar ne wurin samun kuɗi ko kuma goya virus don su illata kwamfutocin mutane.
GUJE WA SHAFUKAN DA SUKE SAUKA KAI TSAYE
Ka da ka yarda da wasu abubuwa da suke sauka a kwamfutarka kai tsaye ba tare da sanin ka ba, wanda yawancin shafuka suke buƙata ka sabunta ko ka saukar, wanda idan babu waɗannan shafin ba zai buɗe ba.
8. RASHIN SABUNTA (UPDATING) MANHAJA DA OPERATING SYSTEM (OS) NA ZAMANI
Akodayaushe ana samun sababbin manhajoji da operating system, sabunta su na hana samun matsalolin domin suna zuwa tare da tsaro, a duk lokacin da sabon manhaja ta fito ana samun masu duba kuskuren su. Sabuntawa zai sanya ayyuka su zama cikin tsaro.
9. AJIYE KWAMFUTA CIKIN TSARO
A yayin da ka haɗa kwamfutar ka a jikin soket, laptop da smartphone da tablet kana buƙatar tsarin kare kwamfutar ka daga samun matsala ta hanyar amfani da ‘yar karamar na’urar ta ce wuta (surge), yana taimaka wa wajen kare kwamfutarka a kan matsala ta wuta idan ta zo da ƙarfi.
A wurin amfani da desktop ana amfani da UPS a kan kwamfutarka, shi wannan UPS ɗin yana hana ɗaukewar kwamfuta a yayin samun ɗaukewar wuta na tsawon minti goma zuwa sama da haka.
10. SAYEN KAYAYYAKIN KWAMFUTA WANDA BA NA TA BA
Mafi yawancin kwamfutocin mu suna amfani da hardwares ko kuma pheripherals wanda zai ɗauki irin wannan device ɗin, misali kamar kwamfutar apple ba ta ɗaukar kowace irin hardware wanda ba nata ba ko kuma V.S PC kwamfuta da PC kwamfuta da take amfani da linux ko windows (os) wadda ko wannensu yana amfani da hardware ɗin shi ne.
A yayin sayen hardware ko haɓɓaka shi ka tabbatar komai ya zama na wannaan kwamfutar domin cika duk wani ƙa’idojin da ake buƙata na operating system.
